聚氨酯保溫管在很多重要的領(lǐng)域都發(fā)揮著不容忽視的重要作用，比如航天、供熱系統(tǒng)、空調(diào)、化工和石油等等，所以聚氨酯保溫管的施工問題一直被廣為關(guān)注，任何一處細(xì)節(jié)都有可能造成施工的失敗。而且在真正進(jìn)行施工的時候，現(xiàn)場環(huán)境的不同所選擇的施工方式也是不同的，不同的施工方式有著不一樣的特點(diǎn)，所要注意的細(xì)節(jié)也有所不同，下面就讓我們來看看在聚氨酯保溫管施工流程中，哪些是特別需要注意的問題：
Polyurethane insulation pipe plays an important role in many important fields, such as aerospace, heating system, central air conditioning, chemical industry and petroleum, etc., so the construction of polyurethane insulation pipe has been widely concerned, and any detail may cause construction failure. And in the real construction, different construction methods are selected for different site environment, different construction methods have different characteristics, and the details to be paid attention to are also different. Let's take a look at the construction process of polyurethane insulation pipe, which are the issues to be paid special attention to:
工程應(yīng)該注意的細(xì)節(jié)：
Details to be paid attention to in the project:
一、工作人員在進(jìn)入現(xiàn)場之后一定要認(rèn)真仔細(xì)的進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，對于施工之前的相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)程序是非常關(guān)鍵的。任何不合格的設(shè)備、保溫管以及原材料都拒絕使用。
First, after entering the site, the staff must carefully carry out inspection, which is very important for the relevant inspection procedures before construction. Any unqualified equipment, heat preservation pipes and raw materials are rejected.
第二、在進(jìn)行聚氨酯保溫管施工焊接的環(huán)節(jié)，也是整個工程質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵所在。所以大家一定要多多注意支架的固定、管道的焊接等程序。要知道這兩個步驟直接影響后期整個保溫工程的質(zhì)量和效果，也直接決定了整個管道的使用壽命。
Second, in the construction and welding of polyurethane insulation pipe, it is also the key to the quality of the whole project. So we must pay more attention to the fixing of supports, welding of pipes and other procedures. It should be known that these two steps directly affect the quality and effect of the whole insulation project in the later stage, and also directly determine the service life of the whole pipeline.
第三、在滿足打壓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下，應(yīng)該重視管道的打壓情況。這個步驟應(yīng)該分為兩個環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行，穩(wěn)壓十分內(nèi)沒有滲漏的現(xiàn)象可以開始調(diào)升壓力。然后利用符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)重量的小錘子在焊縫周圍進(jìn)行敲擊檢查，看看是否存在滲漏的現(xiàn)象。更后將聚氨酯保溫管內(nèi)的壓力調(diào)到工作壓力范圍內(nèi)，如果半小時左右不出現(xiàn)滲漏的情況，那么就算合格了。
Third, in order to meet the pressure standard, we should pay attention to the pipe pressure. This step should be divided into two parts. First, the pressure can be adjusted if there is no leakage within 10% of the stabilized pressure. Then use a small hammer conforming to the standard weight to knock around the weld to check whether there is leakage. Finally, adjust the pressure in the polyurethane insulation pipe to the working pressure range. If there is no leakage in about half an hour, then it is qualified.
第四、要知道這樣的聚氨酯保溫管施工是直接敷設(shè)在地下，通常這樣的工程都是隱蔽工程。如果在進(jìn)行施工或是檢驗(yàn)過程當(dāng)中，存在絲毫的馬虎或是竣工驗(yàn)收不仔細(xì)，那么在日后的使用運(yùn)行過程當(dāng)中，也可能存在頻頻故障或是其他現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)。就算聚氨酯保溫管施工工程完畢之后，也需要相關(guān)單位派遣專人進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格認(rèn)真的驗(yàn)收檢查。
Fourth, it is necessary to know that such polyurethane insulation pipe construction is directly laid underground, usually such projects are concealed works. If there is a slightest carelessness or careless completion acceptance in the process of construction or inspection, there may be frequent faults or other phenomena in the future use and operation process. Even after the construction of polyurethane insulation pipe is completed, relevant units need to send special personnel to carry out strict and serious acceptance inspection.
第五、不管選擇哪一種聚氨酯保溫管施工方法，都應(yīng)該注重管道的質(zhì)量以及不能出現(xiàn)開裂、脫層等情況。更關(guān)鍵的是一定要保證管道的接頭擁有符合規(guī)定的防水性、嚴(yán)密性以及整體性。
Fifth, no matter which polyurethane insulation pipe construction method is selected, attention should be paid to the quality of the pipe and the situation of no cracking and delamination. The most important thing is to ensure that the joint of the pipeline has the waterproof, tightness and integrity as required.
由于不同廠家生產(chǎn)的保溫管、管件及接頭所用的外護(hù)管的材料不同，材料的熔體流動速率值會不同。如接頭處外護(hù)層與相鄰的直管或管件的外護(hù)管所用材料的熔體流動速率值不匹配，會影響其焊接質(zhì)量，從而影響接頭外護(hù)層的密封性能。所以，應(yīng)盡可能采用同一廠家的保溫管、管件及保溫接頭。當(dāng)工作管采用不同材質(zhì)、不同壁厚的鋼管時會產(chǎn)生局部應(yīng)力集中，需要設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度校核。
Because of the different materials of the heat preservation pipes, pipe fittings and joints produced by different manufacturers, the melt flow rate of the materials will be different. If the melt flow rate value of the outer sheath at the joint does not match with that of the outer sheath of the adjacent straight pipe or pipe fitting, the welding quality will be affected and the sealing performance of the outer sheath of the joint will be affected. Therefore, heat preservation pipes, pipe fittings and joints of the same manufacturer shall be used as far as possible. When the working pipe is made of different materials and wall thicknesses, local stress concentration will occur, which needs to be checked by design.
冬期施工時，由于環(huán)境溫度低，接口保溫發(fā)泡質(zhì)量會受影響，所以應(yīng)盡量避開冬期施工。不能避免時，接頭發(fā)泡前，應(yīng)對工作鋼管、外護(hù)管表面及發(fā)泡原料加熱后再進(jìn)行保溫發(fā)泡。
During winter construction, due to the low ambient temperature, the quality of interface insulation and foaming will be affected, so winter construction should be avoided as far as possible. If it can't be avoided, the working steel pipe, the surface of outer protective pipe and foaming raw material shall be heated before foaming.
浸濕的保溫材料如不，在管網(wǎng)高溫運(yùn)行過程中，殘留在保溫層中的水由于管網(wǎng)溫度的升高而汽化，會導(dǎo)致保溫層的碳化并破壞接頭外護(hù)層的密封性。
If the wetted insulation material is not removed, during the high temperature operation of the pipe network, the water remaining in the insulation layer will vaporize due to the increase of the pipe network temperature, which will cause the carbonization of the insulation layer and destroy the sealing of the outer protective layer of the joint.
外護(hù)層與其兩側(cè)的保溫管外護(hù)管的搭接長度不應(yīng)小于100mm，以保證接頭外護(hù)層的強(qiáng)度及密封性。尤其對于熱熔焊式接頭，外護(hù)層的熔焊區(qū)域應(yīng)完全與保溫管的外護(hù)管搭接，以保證熔焊質(zhì)量及密封性。
The overlapping length between the outer protective layer and the outer protective tube of the insulation tube on both sides shall not be less than 100mm to ensure the strength and sealing of the outer protective layer of the joint. Especially for the hot-melt welding joint, the fusion welding area of the outer protective layer shall be completely overlapped with the outer protective tube of the insulating tube to ensure the fusion welding quality and tightness.
接頭質(zhì)量對管網(wǎng)的整體質(zhì)量及壽命有關(guān)重要的影響。如果接頭處密封不能保證，水進(jìn)入接頭后，高溫運(yùn)行時會導(dǎo)致聚氨酯保溫材料碳化失效，破壞預(yù)制直埋保溫管系統(tǒng)的整體式結(jié)構(gòu)，導(dǎo)致整個管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)失效。所以，接頭處必須進(jìn)行100％的氣密性檢驗(yàn)。
The joint quality has a crucial influence on the overall quality and service life of the pipe network. If the sealing at the joint cannot be guaranteed, when the water enters the joint, the high temperature operation will lead to the carbonization failure of polyurethane insulation materials, damage the integral structure of the prefabricated directly buried insulation pipe system, and lead to the failure of the whole pipe network system. Therefore, 100% air tightness test must be carried out at the joint.
